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Cultrex®
Directed In Vivo Angiogenesis Assay (DIVAA)
Includes:
FGF/VEGF & AngioRack
DIVAA is the first in vivo system for the study of
angiogenesis that provides quantitative and reproducible results.1 During the
course of the assay, implant grade silicone cylinders closed at one end,
called angioreactors, are filled with 20 μl of Trevigen's PathClear® basement
membrane extract (BME) premixed with or without angiogenic-modulating
factors*. These angioreactors are then implanted subcutaneously in the dorsal
flank of nude mice. Accompanied with the onset of angiogenesis, vascular
endothelial cells proceed to grow into the BME and form vessels in the
angioreactor. As early as nine days post-implantation, there are enough cells
to determine an effective dose response to angiogenic modulating factors. The
sleek design of the angioreactor provides a standardized platform for
reproducible and quantifiable in vivo angiogenesis assays. Compared to the
plug assay5, the angioreactor prevents assay errors due to absorption of the
basement membrane extract by the mouse. In addition, the angioreactor uses
only a fraction of the materials conserving both BME and test compounds used,
and up to four angioreactors may be implanted in each mouse, allowing for
greater statistical power. Trevigen’s DIVAA has been used in a variety of
investigations.1-4, 6-9.
DIVAA
is available in three formats:
DIVAA
Starter Kit Catalog # 3450-048-SK
The DIVAA Starter Kit was designed to introduce the technology
and give the user practical
experience assessing angiogenesis. It contains 48 Angioreactors, enough
growth factor to
induce angiogenesis all 48 angioreactors, and an Angiorack™ designed to hold
the
Angioreactors during the course of assay setup.
DIVAA
Activation Kit Catalog # 3450-048-K
The DIVAA Activation Kit was designed for assessing
angiogenesis activation. It contains 48
angioreactors and enough growth factor for eight positive controls.
DIVAA
Inhibition Assay Catalog # 3450-048-IK
The DIVAA Inhibition Kit was designed for assessing
angiogenesis inhibition. It contains 48
Angioreactors and enough growth factor to induce angiogenesis in all 48
angio-reactors.
* The PathClear® designation means:
§
No bacterial or fungal growth detected after incubation at 37°C for 14 days following
USP XXIV Chapter 71 sterility test.
§
Negative by PCR test for: mycoplasma, 17 bacterial and virus
strains typically included in mouse antibody production (MAP) testing, plus
13 additional murine infectious agents including LDEV, for a total of 31
organisms and viruses.
REFERENCES:
1.Guedez L, Rivera AM, Salloum R, Miller ML, Diegmueller JJ,
Bungay PM, Stetler-Stevenson WG. 2003. Quantitative Assessment of Angiogenic
Response by the Directed In Vivo Angiogenesis Assay. AJP 162:1431-1439.
2. Seo D, Li H, Guedez L, Wingfield PT, Diaz T, Salloum R, Wei B,
Stetler-Stevenson WG. 2003. TIMP-2 Mediated Inhibition of Angiogenesis: An
MMP-Independent Mechanism. Cell 114:171-180.
3. Martinez A, Vos M, Guedez L, Kaur G, Chen Z, Garayoa M, Pio R, Moody T,
Stetler- Stevenson WG, Kleinman HK, Cuttitta F. 2002. The effects of
adrenomedullin overexpression in breast tumor cells. J Natl Cancer Inst
94:1226-37.
4. Wang T, Ward Y, Tian L, Lake R, Guedez L, Stetler-Stevenson WG, Kelly K.
2005. CD97, an adhesion receptor on inflammatory cells, stimulates
angiogenesis through binding integrin counterreceptors on endothelial cells.
Blood 105:2836-44.
5. Lee MS, Moon EJ, Lee SW, Kim MS, Kim KW, Kim YJ. 2001. Angiogenic activity
of pyruvic acid in in vivo and in vitro angiogenesis models. Cancer Res
61:3290-3.
6. Kurozumi K, Hardcastle J, Thakur R, Shroll J, Nowicki M, Otsuki A, Chiocca
EA, Kaur B. 2008. Oncolytic HSV-1 infection of tumors induces angiogenesis
and upregulates CYR61. Mol Ther 16:1382-91.
7. Basile JR, Holmbeck K, Bugge TH, Gutkind JS. 2007. MT1-MMP controls
tumorinduced angiogenesis through the release of semaphoring 4D. J Biol Chem
282:6899-905.
8. Liu S, Wang H, Currie BM, Molinolo A, Leung HJ, Moayeri M, Basile JR,
Alfano RW, Gutkind JS, Frankel AE, Bugge TH, Leppla SH. 2008.
Matrix-metalloproteinase-activated anthrax lethal toxin demonstrates high
potency in targeting tumor vasculature. J Biol Chem 283:529-40.
9. Sakamoto K, Maeda S, Hikiba Y, Nakagawa H, Hayakawa Y, Shibata W, Yanai A,
Ogura K, Omata M. 2009. Constitutive NF-κB activation in colorectal carcinoma
plays a key role in angiogenesis, promoting tumor growth. Clin Cancer Res
15:2248-58.
10. U.S.
Patent 4,829,000
11. U.S.
Patent 5,158,874
Kit
Components:
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